Séminaire d'histoire - Republic from the Margin (1920s-1930s)

Intervention en anglais
En hybride

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Organisateurs: Philippe Bourmaud (IFEA), Alexis Wick (Koç University), Charles Ganier (Université Paris Cité, IFEA) et Seda Altuğ (The Ataturk Institute for Modern Turkish History)

Ce séminaire interroge l’ordre stato-national qui s’instaure en 1922-1923 en Turquie et autour d’elle, à travers les individus et groupes qui se retrouvent le plus difficilement, et à travers les processus par lesquels ils sont renvoyés vers des “marges” de l’Etat, minorisés, dominés et subalternes, altérisés et racisés, confinés à des confins et des périphéries.

Nazan Maksudyan (Centre Marc Bloch, Berlin) - Racial Anthropology in Turkey and Transnational Entanglements in the Making of Scientific Knowledge

My talk intends to situate the trajectory of academic life of Seniha Tunakan (1908-2000) within the development of anthropology as a scientific discipline in Turkey and its transnational connections to Europe during the interwar period and up until the second half of the twentieth century. From a global history of science perspective, the research engages with the scholarship developed in the past two decades on the issues of nationalist politics, international scientific networks, and transnational race discourse. Within this broad literature, there has been significant interest in race science, physical anthropology, genetics, and the international role of the Kaiser-Wilhelm Institut für Anthropologie, menschliche Erblehre und Eugenik (KWI-A for anthropology, human heredity and eugenics). Seniha Tunakan’s academic trajectory from Turkish Institute of Anthropology in Istanbul, to KWI-A in Berlin, to DTCF in Ankara can be read as a microhistory of the development of anthropology as a scientific discipline in Turkey, reflecting the obsession of the Turkish state and its office-holding physical anthropologists with racial classification. The broader significance and contribution of the research to the history of race science and anthropology is that it is a case study on the long-term global influence of the KWI-A in diffusing the main tenets of German race science, physical anthropology, and genetics.